South Sulawesi

Focus Location: South Sulawesi

In South Sulawesi, the Land4Lives program focuses on climate change adaptation in Bone Regency, particularly in 12 villages located in two sub-watersheds of the Walanae River. The Walanae River itself is among Indonesia’s top priority watersheds for rehabilitation due to land cover degradation. The project’s sub-landscape selection focused on Bone Regency, which is part of the Walanae Tengah and Walanae Hilir sub-watersheds.

Billa – Walanae Watershed

478.932 ha Total Watershed Area
9 Covered Districts
7 Sub-watershed

Land Cover Condition

The Billa-Walanea watershed in Bone is dominated by rice fields (45%) and perennial crops mixed with shrubs (29%), while secondary forest remains in patches in the upstream highlands. High dependence on forests as a source of agricultural land remains a problem, as reflected in the widespread conversion of forests to agricultural land.

Future Projections: The conversion of forests into agricultural areas is estimated to continue until 2034 if there are no improvement policies (Ilham, 2022).

Disaster Challenges & Risks

  • Drought Risk: High risk levels are found in the upper to middle reaches of the river, where vegetation cover is low. Downstream and coastal areas tend to be at moderate to low risk.
  • Flood Risk: High risk occurs mostly in downstream and coastal areas. Consistent with the findings of Muspida et al. (2021), flood-prone areas in Bone are located on the coast of Dua Boccoe District.
Peta Tutupan Lahan DAS Billa-Walanae
Land cover map of the Billa-Walanae Watershed, South Sulawesi Province (source: KLHK 2020)

Sub-Landscape Mapping & Selection

15 Sub-sub-DAS Candidates
6 Selected Sub-DAS
12 Project Focus Village

Participatory Election Process

The characteristics of each watershed were rigorously selected based on the supply, demand, and balance of ecosystem services (ES), disaster risk (floods and droughts), and food security and vulnerability indices. Additional considerations included the number of villages covered and the watershed area in Bone Regency.

The two main demonstration sub-landscapes are located at:

  • Upstream: 3 selected sub-watersheds.
  • Central, Downstream, and Coastal: 3 selected sub-watersheds.
Stakeholder Engagement:
The selection of 6 sub-watersheds from 15 candidates in Bone Regency was carried out through participatory Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with relevant stakeholders at the provincial and district levels, involving both men and women.
Peta Sub-Lanskap Terpilih
Selected sub-landscapes in the upstream, middle, downstream and coastal areas of the Billa-Walanae Sub-DAS in Bone Regency